Understanding Tensions and Trends in Game Design
Every game has at least one core gameplay mechanic, which is based on the tension between two elements with opposing tendencies.
We can visualize a game as an elastic band. The player tends to pull it in one direction (stretching the elastic), while the game system exerts an opposite force (contracting the elastic). This push-and-pull dynamic creates engaging gameplay experiences. The constant interaction between these forces is what makes games challenging, rewarding, and immersive.
The Role of Tension in Game Design
Tension is crucial in game design because it maintains player engagement. If a game lacks tension, it may feel too easy or uninteresting. Conversely, if the tension is too extreme, the game may become frustrating. A well-balanced game offers just enough tension to challenge the player without overwhelming them.
Examples of Tensions in Games
- GTA (Grand Theft Auto): The player tends to create chaos (accidents, crimes, panic), while the game system works to restore order (dispatching police or military forces to neutralize the player and reset the environment). This dynamic creates thrilling gameplay moments where the player must strategize to escape or confront the system.
- Tetris: The game system tends to saturate the screen with blocks, while the player works to clear them, preventing the screen from filling up. The constant battle against increasing difficulty keeps the player engaged and encourages strategic thinking.
- Dark Souls: The player seeks to progress and overcome challenges, while the game system enforces difficulty through strong enemies and limited resources. This creates a powerful sense of achievement when the player finally succeeds.
How Tension Affects Player LearningThis opposition of tendencies generates tension in the game. By interacting with this tension, players learn and engage with the system, creating meaningful and dynamic gameplay. Players adapt their strategies based on the challenges presented, improving their skills over time.Game designers use tension to subtly guide player behavior, encouraging exploration, risk-taking, and mastery of mechanics. Understanding and leveraging tension effectively allows for more compelling and immersive gaming experiences.